Allusions, Images, and Symbols: How to Study Bible Prophecy
The Genesis Foundation
Lesson #2 for April 12, 2025
Scriptures:Isaiah 40:7-8; Genesis 22:1-13; John 1:29; 3:16; 1 Corinthians15:15-19; Revelation 5:5-10; 12:1-9.
[From the Bible study guide=BSG:] Genesis, the first book of the Bible, contains foundational truths that encompass the core of Scripture’s salvific and prophetic message. From the cosmic story of Creation (Genesis 1 and 2), in which God turned the chaos and void into life, to the story of Joseph, in which God wrought a redemptive outcome from evil actions (Gen. 50:20), the book of Genesis testifies to God’s plan of salvation. In the middle of Genesis, the story of the binding of Isaac (Gen. 22:1–18) lays down the basic themes of this divine plan.―Adult Teachers Sabbath School Bible Study Guide* 26.†‡§
(https://egwwritings.org/read?panels=p84.626&index=0)
[From the writings of Ellen G. White=EGW:] The great controversy is ended. Sin and sinners are no more. The entire universe is clean. One pulse of harmony and gladness beats through the vast creation. From Him who created all, flow life and light and gladness, throughout the realms of illimitable space. From the minutest atom to the greatest world, all things, animate and inanimate, in their unshadowed beauty and perfect joy, declare that God is love.—Ellen G. White, The Great Controversy* 678.3.†‡
[https://egwwritings.org/read?panels=p132.3065&index=0]‡
Genesis 22:1-14: 1Some time later God tested Abraham; he called to him, “Abraham!” And Abraham answered, “Yes, here I am!”
2 “Take your son,” God said, “your only son, Isaac, whom you love so much, and go to the land of Moriah. There on a mountain that I will show you, offer him as a sacrifice to me.”…
4On the third day Abraham saw the place in the distance. 5Then he said to the servants, “Stay here with the donkey. The boy and I will go over there and worship, and then we will come back to you.”
6 Abraham made Isaac carry the wood for the sacrifice, and he himself carried a knife and live coals for starting the fire. As they walked along together, 7Isaac said, “Father!”
He answered, “Yes, my son?”
Isaac asked, “I see that you have the coals and the wood, but where is the lamb for the sacrifice?”
8 Abraham answered, “God himself will provide one.” And the two of them walked on together.
9 When they came to the place which God had told him about, Abraham built an altar and arranged the wood on it. He tied up his son and placed him on the altar, on top of the wood. 10Then he picked up the knife to kill him. 11But the angel of the LORD called to him from heaven, “Abraham, Abraham!”
He answered, “Yes, here I am.”
12 “Don’t hurt the boy or do anything to him,” he said. “Now I know that you honour [sic-Br] and obey God, because you have not kept back your only son from him.”
13 Abraham looked round and saw a ram caught in a bush by its horns. He went and got it and offered it as a burnt offering instead of his son. 14Abraham named that place “The LORD Provides”. [sic] And even today people say, “On the LORD’s mountain he provides.”—American Bible Society. (1992). The Holy Bible: The Good News Translation* (2nd ed.,Genesis 22:1-14). New York: American Bible Society [abbreviated as Good News Bible].†‡
Hebrews 11:19: Abraham reckoned that God was able to raise Isaac from death — and, so to speak, Abraham did receive Isaac back from death.—Good News Bible.*†
Genesis 22:2-16: 2 “Take your son,” God said, “your only son, Isaac, whom you love so much, and go to the land of Moriah. There on a mountain that I will show you, offer him as a sacrifice to me.”…
12 “Don’t hurt the boy or do anything to him,” he said. “Now I know that you honour [sic-Br] and obey God, because you have not kept back your only son from him.”…
16 “I make a vow by my own name — the LORD is speaking — that I will richly bless you. Because you did this and did not keep back your only son from me.”—Good News Bible.*‡
[EGW:] It was to impress Abraham’s mind with the reality of the gospel, as well as to test his faith, that God commanded him to slay his son. The agony which he endured during the dark days of that fearful trial was permitted that he might understand from his own experience something of the greatness of the sacrifice made by the infinite God for man’s redemption. No other test could have caused Abraham such torture of soul as did the offering of his son. God gave His Son to a death of agony and shame. The angels who witnessed the humiliation and soul anguish of the Son of God were not permitted to interpose, as in the case of Isaac. There was no voice to cry, “It is enough.” To save the fallen race, the King of glory yielded up His life. What stronger proof can be given of the infinite compassion and love of God? “He that spared not His own Son, but delivered Him up for us all, how shall He not with Him also freely give us all things?”Romans 8:32.
The sacrifice required of Abraham was not alone for his own good, nor solely for the benefit of succeeding generations; but it was also for the instruction of the sinless intelligences of heaven and of other worlds. The field of the controversy between Christ and Satan—the field on which the plan of redemption is wrought out—is the lesson book of the universe. Because Abraham had shown a lack of faith in God’s promises, Satan had accused him before the angels [Satan also accused Job before God and the heavenly beings.] and before God of having failed to comply with the conditions of the covenant, and as unworthy of its blessings. [Like in the experiences of Job,] God desired to prove the loyalty of His servant before all heaven, to demonstrate that nothing less than perfect obedience can be accepted, and to open more fully before them the plan of salvation.
Heavenly beings were witnesses of the scene as the faith of Abraham and the submission of Isaac were tested. The trial was far more severe than that which had been brought upon Adam. Compliance with the prohibition laid upon our first parents involved no suffering, but the command to Abraham demanded the most agonizing sacrifice. All heaven beheld with wonder and admiration Abraham’s unfaltering obedience. All heaven applauded his fidelity. Satan’s accusations were shown to be false. God declared to His servant, “Now I know that thou fearest God [notwithstanding Satan’s charges], seeing thou hast not withheld thy son, thine only son from Me.” God’s covenant, confirmed to Abraham by an oath before the intelligences of other worlds, testified that obedience will be rewarded.
It had been difficult even for the angels to grasp the mystery of redemption—to comprehend that the Commander of heaven, the Son of God, must die for guilty man. When the command was given to Abraham to offer up his son, the interest of all heavenly beings was enlisted. With intense earnestness they watched each step in the fulfillment of this command. When to Isaac’s question, “Where is the lamb for a burnt offering?” Abraham made answer, “God will provide Himself a lamb;” and when the father’s hand was stayed as he was about to slay his son, and the ram which God had provided was offered in the place of Isaac—then light was shed upon the mystery of redemption, and even the angels understood more clearly the wonderful provision that God had made for man’s salvation.1 Peter 1:12. Patriarchs and Prophets* 154.2-155.2.†‡Ω [Italic type is added for emphasis.]‡
[https://egwwritings.org/read?panels=p84.625&index=0]‡
[BSG:] Isaac expected a lamb to be provided by God. Yet, a ram appeared instead: “Abraham lifted his eyes and looked, and there . . . was a ram” (Gen. 22:13, NKJV). The appearance of the ram points to the ram of the Day of Atonement (Lev. 16:3, 6). There is indeed a unique intertextual connection between this passage of the sacrifice of Isaac and the text of the Day of Atonement. More than any other biblical passage, the text of the binding of Isaac shares common language with the text of the Day of Atonement. We find the same association of the words ‘olah, “burnt offering” (Gen. 22:13; compare withLev. 16:3, 5, NKJV); ra’ah, “appear,” in the same passive form niphal (Gen. 22:14; compare withLev. 16:2, NKJV); and yiqqakh, “he took” (Gen. 22:13; compare withLev. 16:5, NKJV). This important intertextual connection between the two passages indicates that the writer of the legislation of the Day of Atonement, in Leviticus 16 [Moses wrote Leviticus], had the text of the sacrifice of Isaac in mind.―Adult Teachers Sabbath School Bible Study Guide* 28.†‡§ [Is that similarity in words used due to the limited ancient Hebrew vocabulary which is about 1% as large as English?]‡
[BSG:] The first mention of a seh (lamb) in the Bible comes in the form of Isaac’s question: “Where is the lamb?” (Gen. 22:7). Interestingly enough, the rest of the Bible answers that question in great detail. The other 38 books of the Old Testament lead the reader along a path where Isaac’s question is progressively answered with more and more details, from the Passover rituals to David’s early occupation and onward. The entire story is punctuated with countless Messianic prophecies that anticipate the answer to Isaac’s question. Then in the New Testament, the question is answered when Jesus appears in flesh and blood, ministers among His people, and finally sacrifices His life at the cross.―Adult Sabbath School Bible Study Guide* for Tuesday, April 8.†‡§ [The Lamb which God provided was His Son.]‡
Exodus 12:3-13: [The Lord said:] 3 “Give these instructions to the whole community of Israel: on the tenth day of this month each man must choose either a lamb or a young goat for his household. 4If his family is too small to eat a whole animal, he and his next-door neighbour [sic-Br] may share an animal, in proportion to the number of people and the amount that each person can eat. 5You may choose either a sheep or a goat, but it must be a one-year-old male without any defects. 6Then, on the evening of the fourteenth day of the month, the whole community of Israel will kill the animals. 7The people are to take some of the blood and put it on the doorposts and above the doors of the houses in which the animals are to be eaten. 8That night the meat is to be roasted, and eaten with bitter herbs and with bread made without yeast. 9Do not eat any of it raw or boiled, but eat it roasted whole, including the head, the legs, and the internal organs. 10You must not leave any of it until morning; if any is left over, it must be burnt [sic-Br]. 11You are to eat it quickly, for you are to be dressed for travel, with your sandals on your feet and your stick in your hand. It is the Passover Festival to honour [sic-Br] me, the LORD. [Did Jesus and His disciples do this?]
12 “On that night I will go through the land of Egypt, killing every firstborn male, both human and animal, and punishing all the gods of Egypt. I am the LORD. 13The blood on the doorposts will be a sign to mark the houses in which you live. When I see the blood, I will pass over you and will not harm you when I punish the Egyptians.”—Good News Bible.*†‡ [Was God’s purpose for the plagues in Egypt to be “punishing all the gods of Egypt”? Or, to let the “slave-nation” know that their God was powerful? Or, to get Pharaoh to let Israel go? Or, all of these? And more?]‡
[BSG:] God’s promised blessing concerns not only the future descendants of Abraham himself but also concerns the future of the nations. The Lord promises that Abraham’s seed will “possess the gate of their enemies” (NKJV). This promise refers to the victory of Christ over the serpent and the victory of life over death, which is predicted inGenesis 3:15. The story of the binding of Isaac leads, then, to the ultimate atonement for God’s people during the eschatological Day of Atonement (compare withDan. 8:14).―Adult Teachers Sabbath School Bible Study Guide* 29.†‡§
[BSG:] The fact that the word “lamb” is used by John in his Gospel (John 1:29, 36), and especially in his apocalypse [Revelation] (23 times), in the definite sense as “the lamb,” suggests that John is alluding to “the lamb” of Isaac’s question, “ ‘Where is the lamb?’ ” (Gen. 22:7). This intertextual relation allows us to surmise that “the lamb” of Isaac refers to the Son of God, as understood by John. This interpretation is, in fact, confirmed in Abraham’s response to Isaac’s question: “ ‘God will provide for Himself the lamb for a burnt offering’ ” (Gen. 22:8, NKJV).―Adult Teachers Sabbath School Bible Study Guide* 27-28.‡§ [It was not the ram that God provided that was important; it was the Lamb!]‡
Genesis 22:7-8: 7 Isaac said, “Father!”
He answered, “Yes, my son?”
Isaac asked, “I see that you have the coals and the wood, but where is the lamb for the sacrifice?”
8 Abraham answered, “God himself will provide one.” And the two of them walked on together.—Good News Bible.*†
John 1:29-34: 29 The next day John saw Jesus coming to him, and said, “There is the Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world! 30This is the one I was talking about when I said, ‘A man is coming after me, but he is greater than I am, because he existed before I was born.’ 31I did not know who he would be, but I came baptizing with water in order to make him known to the people of Israel.”
32 And John gave this testimony: “I saw the Spirit come down like a dove from heaven and stay on him. 33I still did not know that he was the one, but God, who sent me to baptize with water, had said to me, ‘You will see the Spirit come down and stay on a man; he is the one who baptizes with the Holy Spirit.’ 34I have seen it,” said John, “and I tell you that he is the Son of God.”—Good News Bible.*
Zechariah 3:1-4: 1 In another vision the LORD showed me the High Priest Joshua standing before the angel of the LORD. And there beside Joshua stood Satan, ready to bring an accusation against him. 2The angel of the LORD said to Satan, “May the LORD condemn you, Satan! May the LORD, who loves Jerusalem, condemn you. This man is like a stick snatched from the fire.”
3 Joshua was standing there, wearing filthy clothes. 4The angel said to his heavenly attendants, “Take away the filthy clothes this man is wearing.” Then he said to Joshua, “I have taken away your sin and will give you new clothes to wear.”—Good News Bible.*† [Who has the authority to “take away sins”?]‡
Revelation 5:5-9: 5 Then one of the elders said to me, “Don’t cry. Look! The Lion from Judah’s tribe, the great descendant of David, has won the victory, and he can break the seven seals and open the scroll.”
6 Then I saw a Lamb standing in the centre [sic-Br] of the throne, surrounded by the four living creatures and the elders. The Lamb appeared to have been killed [viciously slaughtered]. It had seven horns and seven eyes, which are the seven spirits of God that have been sent throughout the whole earth. 7The Lamb went and took the scroll from the right-hand of the one who sits on the throne. 8As he did so, the four living creatures and the 24 elders fell down before the Lamb. Each had a harp and gold bowls filled with incense, which are the prayers of God’s people. 9They sang a new song:
“You are worthy to take the scroll
and to break open its seals.”—Good News Bible.*†‡
Matthew 3:17: Then a voice said from heaven, “This is my own dear [beloved] Son, with whom I am pleased.”—Good News Bible.*‡
Mark 1:11: And a voice came from heaven, “You are my own dear [beloved] Son. I am pleased with you.”—Good News Bible.*‡
Luke 3:22: And the Holy Spirit came down upon him in bodily form like a dove. And a voice came from heaven, “You are my own dear [beloved] Son. I am pleased with you.”—Good News Bible.*‡
John 3:16: “For God loved the world so much that he gave his only Son, so that everyone who believes in him may not die but have eternal life.”—Good News Bible.*†
Genesis 2:15-17: 15 Then the LORD God placed the man in the Garden of Eden to cultivate it and guard it. 16He said to him, “You may eat the fruit of any tree in the garden, 17except the tree that gives knowledge of what is good and what is bad. You must not eat the fruit of that tree; if you do, you will die the same day [or, you will certainly die].”—Good News Bible.*‡
1 Corinthians 15:15-19: 15 More than that, we are shown to be lying about God, because we said that he raised Christ from death — but if it is true that the dead are not raised to life, then he did not raise Christ. 16For if the dead are not raised, neither has Christ been raised. 17And if Christ has not been raised, then your faith is a delusion and you are still lost in your sins. 18It would also mean that the believers in Christ who have died are lost. 19If our hope in Christ is good for this life only and no more, then we deserve more pity than anyone else in all the world.—Good News Bible.*
Revelation 1:18: “I am the living one! I was dead, but now I am alive for ever [sic-Br] and ever.”—Good News Bible.*‡
[BSG:] The issue of worship is a key subject in the book of Revelation. The perpetrator and enabler of false systems of worship is identified as the “dragon” (Rev. 13:2–4), and the serpentine description of this fallen cherub is no accident. It clearly points us back to the Garden of Eden, where a serpent entered Paradise and persuaded Adam and Eve to follow him into rebellion against the Creator.―Adult Sabbath School Bible Study Guide* for Thursday, April 10.‡§
Revelation 13:2-4: 2 The beast looked like a leopard, with feet like a bear’s feet and a mouth like a lion’s mouth. The dragon gave the beast his own power, his throne, and his vast authority. 3One of the heads of the beast seemed to have been fatally wounded, but the wound had healed. The whole earth was amazed and followed the beast. 4Everyone worshipped [sic-Br] the dragon because he had given his authority to the beast. They worshipped [sic-Br] the beast also, saying, “Who is like the beast? Who can fight against it?”—Good News Bible.*†‡
[BSG:] There are two accounts in the Scriptures in which Satan leads the whole world astray. In Genesis, at a moment when there were only two people in existence; and then in the account given in Revelation 12 and 13, in which Satan is identified as the one who “deceives the whole world” (Rev. 12:9) and as the one who enables the sea beast power so that “all the world” marvels and follows it (Rev. 13:2, 3). One of the themes found in Bible prophecy is the unchanging nature of the great controversy. God’s character and Word do not change, and neither do the ambitions of the devil.―Adult Sabbath School Bible Study Guide* for Thursday, April 10.‡§
[BSG:] Many world religions simply deal with ideas; in powerful contrast, the ideas found in the Christian religion are anchored firmly in historical events. The Bible is the story of God’s interacting with humanity throughout history, and by studying thousands of years of such interactions, we can learn much about the consistent character of God.…
The fact that our message is unchanging and consistent, however, does not mean that it is simplistic or unchallenging. Quite the opposite: when you are studying information relayed to us from the mind of an infinite God, you quickly discover that you will never reach the end of a subject.―Adult Sabbath School Bible Study Guide* for Friday, April 11.†‡
[EGW:] But after a time the zeal of the believers began to wane, and their love for God and for one another grew less. Coldness crept into the church. Some forgot the wonderful manner in which they had received the truth. One by one the old standard-bearers fell at their post. Some of the younger workers, who might have shared the burdens of these pioneers, and thus have been prepared for wise leadership, had become weary of oft-repeated truths. In their desire for something novel and startling they attempted to introduce new phases of doctrine, more pleasing to many minds, but not in harmony with the fundamental principles of the gospel. In their self-confidence and spiritual blindness, they failed to discern that these sophistries would cause many to question the experience of the past, and would thus lead to confusion and unbelief.—Ellen G. White, The Acts of the Apostles* 580.1.†‡
[https://egwwritings.org/read?panels=p127.2551&index=0]‡
Genesis 50:20: “You plotted evil against me, but God turned it into good, in order to preserve the lives of many people who are alive today because of what happened.”—Good News Bible.*
©2025, Kenneth Hart, MD, MA, MPH. Permission is hereby granted for any noncommercial use of these materials. Free distribution of all or of a portion of this material such as to a Bible study class is encouraged. *Electronic version. †Bold type is added. ‡Brackets and content in brackets are added. ΩBrackets and the content in brackets within the paragraph are in the source. §Italic type is in the source. [sic-Br]=This is correct as quoted; it is the British spelling.
Last Modified: March 16, 2025 Email: Info@theox.org
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